Title 28: JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE
Part I: ORGANIZATION OF COURTS
- Chapter 1: SUPREME COURT
- Chapter 3: COURTS OF APPEALS
- Section 41: Number and composition of circuits
- Section 42: Allotment of Supreme Court justices to circuits
- Section 43: Creation and composition of courts
- Section 44: Appointment, tenure, residence and salary of circuit judges
- Section 45: Chief judges; precedence of judges
- Section 46: Assignment of judges; panels; hearings; quorum
- Section 47: Disqualification of trial judge to hear appeal
- Section 48: Terms of court
- Section 49: Assignment of judges to division to appoint independent counsels
- Chapter 5: DISTRICT COURTS
- Section 81: Alabama
- Section 81A: Alaska
- Section 82: Arizona
- Section 83: Arkansas
- Section 84: California
- Section 85: Colorado
- Section 86: Connecticut
- Section 87: Delaware
- Section 88: District of Columbia
- Section 89: Florida
- Section 90: Georgia
- Section 91: Hawaii
- Section 92: Idaho
- Section 93: Illinois
- Section 94: Indiana
- Section 95: Iowa
- Section 96: Kansas
- Section 97: Kentucky
- Section 98: Louisiana
- Section 99: Maine
- Section 100: Maryland
- Section 101: Massachusetts
- Section 102: Michigan
- Section 103: Minnesota
- Section 104: Mississippi
- Section 105: Missouri
- Section 106: Montana
- Section 107: Nebraska
- Section 108: Nevada
- Section 109: New Hampshire
- Section 110: New Jersey
- Section 111: New Mexico
- Section 112: New York
- Section 113: North Carolina
- Section 114: North Dakota
- Section 115: Ohio
- Section 116: Oklahoma
- Section 117: Oregon
- Section 118: Pennsylvania
- Section 119: Puerto Rico
- Section 120: Rhode Island
- Section 121: South Carolina
- Section 122: South Dakota
- Section 123: Tennessee
- Section 124: Texas
- Section 125: Utah
- Section 126: Vermont
- Section 127: Virginia
- Section 128: Washington
- Section 129: West Virginia
- Section 130: Wisconsin
- Section 131: Wyoming
- Section 132: Creation and composition of district courts
- Section 133: Appointment and number of district judges
- Section 134: Tenure and residence of district judges
- Section 135: Salaries of district judges
- Section 136: Chief judges; precedence of district judges
- Section 137: Division of business among district judges
- Section 138: Terms abolished
- Section 139: Times for holding regular sessions
- Section 140: Adjournment
- Section 141: Special sessions; places; notice
- [Section 142: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 115(c)(3), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 32]
- Section 143: Vacant judgeship as affecting proceedings
- Section 144: Bias or prejudice of judge
- Chapter 6: BANKRUPTCY JUDGES
- Section 151: Designation of bankruptcy courts
- Section 152: Appointment of bankruptcy judges
- Section 153: Salaries; character of service
- Section 154: Division of businesses; chief judge
- Section 155: Temporary transfer of bankruptcy judges
- Section 156: Staff; expenses
- Section 157: Procedures
- Section 158: Appeals
- Section 159: Bankruptcy statistics
- Chapter 7: UNITED STATES COURT OF FEDERAL CLAIMS
- Section 171: Appointment and number of judges; character of court; designation of chief judge
- Section 172: Tenure and salaries of judges
- Section 173: Times and places of holding court
- Section 174: Assignment of judges; decisions
- Section 175: Official duty station; residence
- Section 176: Removal from office
- Section 177: Disbarment of removed judges
- Section 178: Retirement of judges of the Court of Federal Claims
- Section 179: Personnel application and insurance programs
- [Section 180: Repealed. Pub. L. 106–398, § 1 [[div. A], title VI, § 654(b)(1)], Oct. 30, 2000, 114 Stat. 1654, 1654A–165]
- [Chapter 9: REPEALED]
- [Section 211 to 216: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 106, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 28]
- Chapter 11: COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
- Section 251: Appointment and number of judges; offices
- Section 252: Tenure and salaries of judges
- Section 253: Duties of chief judge
- Section 254: Single-judge trials
- Section 255: Three-judge trials
- Section 256: Trials at ports other than New York
- Section 257: Publication of decisions
- Section 258: Chief judges; precedence of judges
- Chapter 13: ASSIGNMENT OF JUDGES TO OTHER COURTS
- Section 291: Circuit judges
- Section 292: District judges
- Section 293: Judges of the Court of International Trade
- Section 294: Assignment of retired Justices or judges to active duty
- Section 295: Conditions upon designation and assignment
- Section 296: Powers upon designation and assignment
- Section 297: Assignment of judges to courts of the freely associated compact states
- Chapter 15: CONFERENCES AND COUNCILS OF JUDGES
- Chapter 16: COMPLAINTS AGAINST JUDGES AND JUDICIAL DISCIPLINE
- Section 351: Complaints; judge defined
- Section 352: Review of complaint by chief judge
- Section 353: Special committees
- Section 354: Action by judicial council
- Section 355: Action by Judicial Conference
- Section 356: Subpoena power
- Section 357: Review of orders and actions
- Section 358: Rules
- Section 359: Restrictions
- Section 360: Disclosure of information
- Section 361: Reimbursement of expenses
- Section 362: Other provisions and rules not affected
- Section 363: Court of Federal Claims, Court of International Trade, Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
- Section 364: Effect of felony conviction
- Chapter 17: RESIGNATION AND RETIREMENT OF JUSTICES AND JUDGES
- Section 371: Retirement on salary; retirement in senior status
- Section 372: Retirement for disability; substitute judge on failure to retire
- Section 373: Judges in territories and possessions
- Section 374: Residence of retired judges; official station
- Section 375: Recall of certain judges and magistrate judges
- Section 376: Annuities for survivors of certain judicial officials of the United States
- Section 377: Retirement of bankruptcy judges and magistrate judges
- Chapter 19: DISTRIBUTION OF REPORTS AND DIGESTS
- Section 411: Supreme Court reports; printing, binding, and distribution
- Section 412: Sale of Supreme Court reports
- Section 413: Publications; distribution to courts
- Section 414: Transmittal of books to successors
- [Section 415: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 113, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 29]
- Chapter 21: GENERAL PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO COURTS AND JUDGES
- Section 451: Definitions
- Section 452: Courts always open; powers unrestricted by expiration of sessions
- Section 453: Oaths of justices and judges
- Section 454: Practice of law by justices and judges
- Section 455: Disqualification of justice, judge, or magistrate judge
- Section 456: Traveling expenses of justices and judges; official duty stations
- Section 457: Records; obsolete papers
- Section 458: Relative of justice or judge ineligible to appointment
- Section 459: Administration of oaths and acknowledgments
- Section 460: Application to other courts
- Section 461: Adjustments in certain salaries
- Section 462: Court accommodations
- Section 463: Expenses of litigation
- Chapter 23: CIVIL JUSTICE EXPENSE AND DELAY REDUCTION PLANS
- Section 471: Requirement for a district court civil justice expense and delay reduction plan
- Section 472: Development and implementation of a civil justice expense and delay reduction plan
- Section 473: Content of civil justice expense and delay reduction plans
- Section 474: Review of district court action
- Section 475: Periodic district court assessment
- Section 476: Enhancement of judicial information dissemination
- Section 477: Model civil justice expense and delay reduction plan
- Section 478: Advisory groups
- Section 479: Information on litigation management and cost and delay reduction
- Section 480: Training programs
- Section 481: Automated case information
- Section 482: Definitions
Part II: DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
- Chapter 31: THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
- Section 501: Executive department
- Section 502: Seal
- Section 503: Attorney General
- Section 504: Deputy Attorney General
- Section 504a: Associate Attorney General
- Section 505: Solicitor General
- Section 506: Assistant Attorneys General
- Section 507: Assistant Attorney General for Administration
- Section 507A: Assistant Attorney General for National Security
- Section 508: Vacancies
- Section 509: Functions of the Attorney General
- Section 509A: National Security Division
- Section 509B: Section to enforce human rights laws
- Section 510: Delegation of authority
- Section 511: Attorney General to advise the President
- Section 512: Attorney General to advise heads of executive departments
- Section 513: Attorney General to advise Secretaries of military departments
- Section 514: Legal services on pending claims in departments and agencies
- Section 515: Authority for legal proceedings; commission, oath, and salary for special attorneys
- Section 516: Conduct of litigation reserved to Department of Justice
- Section 517: Interests of United States in pending suits
- Section 518: Conduct and argument of cases
- Section 519: Supervision of litigation
- Section 520: Transmission of petitions in United States Court of Federal Claims or in United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit; statement furnished by departments
- Section 521: Publication and distribution of opinions
- Section 522: Report of business and statistics
- Section 523: Requisitions
- Section 524: Availability of appropriations
- Section 525: Procurement of law books, reference books, and periodicals; sale and exchange
- Section 526: Authority of Attorney General to investigate United States attorneys, marshals, trustees, clerks of court, and others
- Section 527: Establishment of working capital fund
- Section 528: Disqualification of officers and employees of the Department of Justice
- Section 529: Annual report of Attorney General
- Section 530: Payment of travel and transportation expenses of newly appointed special agents
- Section 530A: Authorization of appropriations for travel and related expenses and for health care of personnel serving abroad
- Section 530B: Ethical standards for attorneys for the Government
- Section 530C: Authority to use available funds
- Section 530D: Report on enforcement of laws
- Chapter 33: FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
- Section 531: Federal Bureau of Investigation
- Section 532: Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation
- Section 533: Investigative and other officials; appointment
- Section 534: Acquisition, preservation, and exchange of identification records and information; appointment of officials
- Section 535: Investigation of crimes involving Government officers and employees; limitations
- Section 536: Positions in excepted service
- Section 537: Expenses of unforeseen emergencies of a confidential character
- Section 538: Investigation of aircraft piracy and related violations
- Section 539: Counterintelligence official reception and representation expenses
- Section 540: Investigation of felonious killings of State or local law enforcement officers
- Section 540A: Investigation of violent crimes against travelers
- Section 540B: Investigation of serial killings
- Section 540C: FBI police
- Chapter 35: UNITED STATES ATTORNEYS
- Section 541: United States attorneys
- Section 542: Assistant United States attorneys
- Section 543: Special attorneys
- Section 544: Oath of office
- Section 545: Residence
- Section 546: Vacancies
- Section 547: Duties
- Section 548: Salaries
- Section 549: Expenses
- Section 550: Clerical assistants, messengers, and private process servers
- Chapter 37: UNITED STATES MARSHALS SERVICE
- Section 561: United States Marshals Service
- Section 562: Vacancies
- Section 563: Oath of office
- Section 564: Powers as sheriff
- Section 565: Expenses of the Service
- Section 566: Powers and duties
- Section 567: Collection of fees; accounting
- Section 568: Practice of law prohibited
- Section 569: Reemployment rights
- [Section 570, 571: Repealed. Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7608(a)(1), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4512]
- [Section 572: Renumbered § 567]
- [Section 572a to 574: Repealed. Pub. L. 100–690, title VII, § 7608(a)(2)(A), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4514]
- [Section 575, 576: Renumbered §§ 568, 569]
- Chapter 39: UNITED STATES TRUSTEES
- Section 581: United States trustees
- Section 582: Assistant United States trustees
- Section 583: Oath of office
- Section 584: Official stations
- Section 585: Vacancies
- Section 586: Duties; supervision by Attorney General
- Section 587: Salaries
- Section 588: Expenses
- Section 589: Staff and other employees
- Section 589a: United States Trustee System Fund
- Section 589b: Bankruptcy data
- Chapter 40: INDEPENDENT COUNSEL
- Section 591: Applicability of provisions of this chapter
- Section 592: Preliminary investigation and application for appointment of an independent counsel
- Section 593: Duties of the division of the court
- Section 594: Authority and duties of an independent counsel
- Section 595: Congressional oversight
- Section 596: Removal of an independent counsel; termination of office
- Section 597: Relationship with Department of Justice
- Section 598: Severability
- Section 599: Termination of effect of chapter
- Chapter 40A: BUREAU OF ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, FIREARMS, AND EXPLOSIVES
Part III: COURT OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES
- Chapter 41: ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE OF UNITED STATES COURTS
- Section 601: Creation; Director and Deputy Director
- Section 602: Employees
- Section 603: Salaries
- Section 604: Duties of Director generally
- Section 605: Budget estimates
- Section 606: Duties of Deputy Director
- Section 607: Practice of law prohibited
- Section 608: Seal
- Section 609: Courts’ appointive power unaffected
- Section 610: Courts defined
- Section 611: Retirement of Director
- Section 612: Judiciary Information Technology Fund
- Section 613: Disbursing and certifying officers
- Chapter 42: FEDERAL JUDICIAL CENTER
- Section 620: Federal Judicial Center
- Section 621: Board; composition, tenure of members, compensation
- Section 622: Meetings; conduct of business
- Section 623: Duties of the Board
- Section 624: Powers of the Board
- Section 625: Director and staff
- Section 626: Compensation of the Director and Deputy Director
- Section 627: Retirement; employee benefits
- Section 628: Appropriations and accounting
- Section 629: Federal Judicial Center Foundation
- Chapter 43: UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGES
- Section 631: Appointment and tenure
- Section 632: Character of service
- Section 633: Determination of number, locations, and salaries of magistrate judges
- Section 634: Compensation
- Section 635: Expenses
- Section 636: Jurisdiction, powers, and temporary assignment
- Section 637: Training
- Section 638: Dockets and forms; United States Code; seals
- Section 639: Definitions
- Chapter 44: ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION
- Chapter 45: SUPREME COURT
- Chapter 47: COURTS OF APPEALS
- Chapter 49: DISTRICT COURTS
- [Chapter 50: OMITTED]
- Chapter 51: UNITED STATES COURT OF FEDERAL CLAIMS
- Section 791: Clerk
- [Section 792: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 121(b), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 34]
- [Section 793: Repealed. July 28, 1953, ch. 253, § 6, 67 Stat. 226]
- Section 794: Law clerks and secretaries
- Section 795: Bailiffs and messengers
- Section 796: Reporting of court proceedings
- Section 797: Recall of retired judges
- Section 798: Places of holding court; appointment of special masters
- [Chapter 53: REPEALED]
- [Section 831 to 834: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 122(a), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 36]
- Chapter 55: COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
- Chapter 57: GENERAL PROVISIONS APPLICABLE TO COURT OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES
- Section 951: Oath of office of clerks and deputies
- [Section 952: Repealed. Pub. L. 92–310, title II, § 206(e)(1), June 6, 1972, 86 Stat. 203]
- Section 953: Administration of oaths and acknowledgments
- Section 954: Vacancy in clerk position; absence of clerk
- Section 955: Practice of law restricted
- Section 956: Powers and duties of clerks and deputies
- Section 957: Clerks ineligible for certain offices
- Section 958: Persons ineligible as receivers
- Section 959: Trustees and receivers suable; management; State laws
- Section 960: Tax liability
- Section 961: Office expenses of clerks
- [Section 962: Repealed. Pub. L. 89–554, § 8(a), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 663]
- Section 963: Courts defined
- Chapter 58: UNITED STATES SENTENCING COMMISSION
- Section 991: United States Sentencing Commission; establishment and purposes
- Section 992: Terms of office; compensation
- Section 993: Powers and duties of Chair
- Section 994: Duties of the Commission
- Section 995: Powers of the Commission
- Section 996: Director and staff
- Section 997: Annual report
- Section 998: Definitions
Part IV: JURISDICTION AND VENUE
- Chapter 81: SUPREME COURT
- Section 1251: Original jurisdiction
- [Section 1252: Repealed. Pub. L. 100–352, § 1, June 27, 1988, 102 Stat. 662]
- Section 1253: Direct appeals from decisions of three-judge courts
- Section 1254: Courts of appeals; certiorari; certified questions
- [Section 1255, 1256: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 123, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 36]
- Section 1257: State courts; certiorari
- Section 1258: Supreme Court of Puerto Rico; certiorari
- Section 1259: Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces; certiorari
- Section 1260: Supreme Court of the Virgin Islands; certiorari
- Chapter 83: COURTS OF APPEALS
- Section 1291: Final decisions of district courts
- Section 1292: Interlocutory decisions
- [Section 1293: Repealed. Pub. L. 87–189, § 3, Aug. 30, 1961, 75 Stat. 417]
- Section 1294: Circuits in which decisions reviewable
- Section 1295: Jurisdiction of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit
- Section 1296: Review of certain agency actions
- Chapter 85: DISTRICT COURTS; JURISDICTION
- Section 1330: Actions against foreign states
- Section 1331: Federal question
- Section 1332: Diversity of citizenship; amount in controversy; costs
- Section 1333: Admiralty, maritime and prize cases
- Section 1334: Bankruptcy cases and proceedings
- Section 1335: Interpleader
- Section 1336: Surface Transportation Board’s orders
- Section 1337: Commerce and antitrust regulations; amount in controversy, costs
- Section 1338: Patents, plant variety protection, copyrights, mask works, designs, trademarks, and unfair competition
- Section 1339: Postal matters
- Section 1340: Internal revenue; customs duties
- Section 1341: Taxes by States
- Section 1342: Rate orders of State agencies
- Section 1343: Civil rights and elective franchise
- Section 1344: Election disputes
- Section 1345: United States as plaintiff
- Section 1346: United States as defendant
- Section 1347: Partition action where United States is joint tenant
- Section 1348: Banking association as party
- Section 1349: Corporation organized under federal law as party
- Section 1350: Alien’s action for tort
- Section 1351: Consuls, vice consuls, and members of a diplomatic mission as defendant
- Section 1352: Bonds executed under federal law
- Section 1353: Indian allotments
- Section 1354: Land grants from different states
- Section 1355: Fine, penalty or forfeiture
- Section 1356: Seizures not within admiralty and maritime jurisdiction
- Section 1357: Injuries under Federal laws
- Section 1358: Eminent domain
- Section 1359: Parties collusively joined or made
- Section 1360: State civil jurisdiction in actions to which Indians are parties
- Section 1361: Action to compel an officer of the United States to perform his duty
- Section 1362: Indian tribes
- Section 1363: Jurors’ employment rights
- Section 1364: Direct actions against insurers of members of diplomatic missions and their families
- Section 1365: Senate actions
- Section 1366: Construction of references to laws of the United States or Acts of Congress
- Section 1367: Supplemental jurisdiction
- Section 1368: Counterclaims in unfair practices in international trade.
- Section 1369: Multiparty, multiforum jurisdiction
- Chapter 87: DISTRICT COURTS; VENUE
- Section 1390: Scope
- Section 1391: Venue generally
- [Section 1392: Repealed. Pub. L. 112–63, § 203, Dec. 7, 2011, 125 Stat. 764]
- [Section 1393: Repealed. Pub. L. 100–702, title X, § 1001(a), Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4664]
- Section 1394: Banking association’s action against Comptroller of Currency
- Section 1395: Fine, penalty or forfeiture
- Section 1396: Internal revenue taxes
- Section 1397: Interpleader
- Section 1398: Interstate Commerce Commission’s orders
- Section 1399: Partition action involving United States
- Section 1400: Patents and copyrights, mask works, and designs
- Section 1401: Stockholder’s derivative action
- Section 1402: United States as defendant
- Section 1403: Eminent domain
- Section 1404: Change of venue
- Section 1405: Creation or alteration of district or division
- Section 1406: Cure or waiver of defects
- Section 1407: Multidistrict litigation
- Section 1408: Venue of cases under title 11
- Section 1409: Venue of proceedings arising under title 11 or arising in or related to cases under title 11
- Section 1410: Venue of cases ancillary to foreign proceedings
- Section 1411: Jury trials
- Section 1412: Change of venue
- Section 1413: Venue of cases under chapter 5 of title 3
- Chapter 89: DISTRICT COURTS; REMOVAL OF CASES FROM STATE COURTS
- Section 1441: Removal of civil actions
- Section 1442: Federal officers or agencies sued or prosecuted
- Section 1442a: Members of armed forces sued or prosecuted
- Section 1443: Civil rights cases
- Section 1444: Foreclosure action against United States
- Section 1445: Nonremovable actions
- Section 1446: Procedure for removal of civil actions
- Section 1447: Procedure after removal generally
- Section 1448: Process after removal
- Section 1449: State court record supplied
- Section 1450: Attachment or sequestration; securities
- Section 1451: Definitions
- Section 1452: Removal of claims related to bankruptcy cases
- Section 1453: Removal of class actions
- Section 1454: Patent, plant variety protection, and copyright cases
- Section 1455: Procedure for removal of criminal prosecutions
- [Chapter 90: OMITTED]
- Chapter 91: UNITED STATES COURT OF FEDERAL CLAIMS
- Section 1491: Claims against United States generally; actions involving Tennessee Valley Authority
- Section 1492: Congressional reference cases
- [Section 1493: Repealed. July 28, 1953, ch. 253, § 8, 67 Stat. 226]
- Section 1494: Accounts of officers, agents or contractors
- Section 1495: Damages for unjust conviction and imprisonment; claim against United States
- Section 1496: Disbursing officers’ claims
- Section 1497: Oyster growers’ damages from dredging operations
- Section 1498: Patent and copyright cases
- Section 1499: Liquidated damages withheld from contractors under chapter 37 of title 40
- Section 1500: Pendency of claims in other courts
- Section 1501: Pensions
- Section 1502: Treaty cases
- Section 1503: Set-offs
- [Section 1504: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 133(f), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 41]
- Section 1505: Indian claims
- [Section 1506: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 133(h), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 41]
- Section 1507: Jurisdiction for certain declaratory judgments
- Section 1508: Jurisdiction for certain partnership proceedings
- Section 1509: No jurisdiction in cases involving refunds of tax shelter promoter and understatement penalties
- [Chapter 93: REPEALED]
- [Section 1541 to 1546: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 134, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 41]
- Chapter 95: COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
- Section 1581: Civil actions against the United States and agencies and officers thereof
- Section 1582: Civil actions commenced by the United States
- Section 1583: Counterclaims, cross-claims, and third-party actions
- Section 1584: Civil actions under the North American Free Trade Agreement or the United States-Canada Free-Trade Agreement
- Section 1585: Powers in law and equity
- Chapter 97: JURISDICTIONAL IMMUNITIES OF FOREIGN STATES
- Section 1602: Findings and declaration of purpose
- Section 1603: Definitions
- Section 1604: Immunity of a foreign state from jurisdiction
- Section 1605: General exceptions to the jurisdictional immunity of a foreign state
- Section 1605A: Terrorism exception to the jurisdictional immunity of a foreign state
- Section 1605B: Responsibility of foreign states for international terrorism against the United States
- Section 1606: Extent of liability
- Section 1607: Counterclaims
- Section 1608: Service; time to answer; default
- Section 1609: Immunity from attachment and execution of property of a foreign state
- Section 1610: Exceptions to the immunity from attachment or execution
- Section 1611: Certain types of property immune from execution
- Chapter 99: GENERAL PROVISIONS
Part V: PROCEDURE
- Chapter 111: GENERAL PROVISIONS
- Section 1651: Writs
- Section 1652: State laws as rules of decision
- Section 1653: Amendment of pleadings to show jurisdiction
- Section 1654: Appearance personally or by counsel
- Section 1655: Lien enforcement; absent defendants
- Section 1656: Creation of new district or division or transfer of territory; lien enforcement
- Section 1657: Priority of civil actions
- Section 1658: Time limitations on the commencement of civil actions arising under Acts of Congress
- Section 1659: Stay of certain actions pending disposition of related proceedings before the United States International Trade Commission
- Chapter 113: PROCESS
- Section 1691: Seal and teste of process
- Section 1692: Process and orders affecting property in different districts
- Section 1693: Place of arrest in civil action
- Section 1694: Patent infringement action
- Section 1695: Stockholder’s derivative action
- Section 1696: Service in foreign and international litigation
- Section 1697: Service in multiparty, multiforum actions
- Chapter 114: CLASS ACTIONS
- Chapter 115: EVIDENCE; DOCUMENTARY
- Section 1731: Handwriting
- Section 1732: Record made in regular course of business; photographic copies
- Section 1733: Government records and papers; copies
- Section 1734: Court record lost or destroyed, generally
- Section 1735: Court record lost or destroyed where United States interested
- Section 1736: Congressional Journals
- Section 1737: Copy of officer’s bond
- Section 1738: State and Territorial statutes and judicial proceedings; full faith and credit
- Section 1738A: Full faith and credit given to child custody determinations
- Section 1738B: Full faith and credit for child support orders
- Section 1738C: Certain acts, records, and proceedings and the effect thereof
- Section 1739: State and Territorial nonjudicial records; full faith and credit
- Section 1740: Copies of consular papers
- Section 1741: Foreign official documents
- [Section 1742: Repealed. Pub. L. 88–619, § 6(a), Oct. 3, 1964, 78 Stat. 996]
- Section 1743: Demand on postmaster
- Section 1744: Copies of United States Patent and Trademark Office documents, generally
- Section 1745: Copies of foreign patent documents
- Section 1746: Unsworn declarations under penalty of perjury
- Chapter 117: EVIDENCE; DEPOSITIONS
- Chapter 119: EVIDENCE; WITNESSES
- Section 1821: Per diem and mileage generally; subsistence
- Section 1822: Competency of interested persons; share of penalties payable
- [Section 1823: Repealed. Pub. L. 91–563, § 5(a), Dec. 19, 1970, 84 Stat. 1478]
- Section 1824: Mileage fees under summons as both witness and juror
- Section 1825: Payment of fees
- Section 1826: Recalcitrant witnesses
- Section 1827: Interpreters in courts of the United States
- Section 1828: Special interpretation services
- Chapter 121: JURIES; TRIAL BY JURY
- Section 1861: Declaration of policy
- Section 1862: Discrimination prohibited
- Section 1863: Plan for random jury selection
- Section 1864: Drawing of names from the master jury wheel; completion of juror qualification form
- Section 1865: Qualifications for jury service
- Section 1866: Selection and summoning of jury panels
- Section 1867: Challenging compliance with selection procedures
- Section 1868: Maintenance and inspection of records
- Section 1869: Definitions
- Section 1870: Challenges
- Section 1871: Fees
- Section 1872: Issues of fact in Supreme Court
- Section 1873: Admiralty and maritime cases
- Section 1874: Actions on bonds and specialties
- Section 1875: Protection of jurors’ employment
- Section 1876: Trial by jury in the Court of International Trade
- Section 1877: Protection of jurors
- Section 1878: Optional use of a one-step summoning and qualification procedure
- Chapter 123: FEES AND COSTS
- Section 1911: Supreme Court
- Section 1912: Damages and costs on affirmance
- Section 1913: Courts of appeals
- Section 1914: District court; filing and miscellaneous fees; rules of court
- Section 1915: Proceedings in forma pauperis
- Section 1915A: Screening
- Section 1916: Seamen’s suits
- Section 1917: District courts; fee on filing notice of or petition for appeal
- Section 1918: District courts; fines, forfeitures and criminal proceedings
- Section 1919: Dismissal for lack of jurisdiction
- Section 1920: Taxation of costs
- Section 1921: United States marshal’s fees
- Section 1922: Witness fees before United States magistrate judges
- Section 1923: Docket fees and costs of briefs
- Section 1924: Verification of bill of costs
- Section 1925: Admiralty and maritime cases
- Section 1926: Court of Federal Claims
- Section 1927: Counsel’s liability for excessive costs
- Section 1928: Patent infringement action; disclaimer not filed
- Section 1929: Extraordinary expenses not expressly authorized
- Section 1930: Bankruptcy fees
- Section 1931: Disposition of filing fees
- Section 1932: Revocation of earned release credit
- Chapter 125: PENDING ACTIONS AND JUDGMENTS
- Section 1961: Interest
- Section 1962: Lien
- Section 1963: Registration of judgments for enforcement in other districts
- [Section 1963A: Repealed. Pub. L. 100–702, title X, § 1002(b)(2), Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4664]
- Section 1964: Constructive notice of pending actions
- Chapter 127: EXECUTIONS AND JUDICIAL SALES
- Section 2001: Sale of realty generally
- Section 2002: Notice of sale of realty
- Section 2003: Marshal’s incapacity after levy on or sale of realty
- Section 2004: Sale of personalty generally
- Section 2005: Appraisal of goods taken on execution
- Section 2006: Execution against revenue officer
- Section 2007: Imprisonment for debt
- Chapter 129: MONEYS PAID INTO COURT
- Chapter 131: RULES OF COURTS
- Section 2071: Rule-making power generally
- Section 2072: Rules of procedure and evidence; power to prescribe
- Section 2073: Rules of procedure and evidence; method of prescribing
- Section 2074: Rules of procedure and evidence; submission to Congress; effective date
- Section 2075: Bankruptcy rules
- [Section 2076: Repealed. Pub. L. 100–702, title IV, § 401(c), Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4650]
- Section 2077: Publication of rules; advisory committees
- Chapter 133: REVIEW—MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
- Section 2101: Supreme Court; time for appeal or certiorari; docketing; stay
- Section 2102: Priority of criminal case on appeal from State court
- [Section 2103: Repealed. Pub. L. 100–352, § 5(c), June 27, 1988, 102 Stat. 663]
- Section 2104: Reviews of State court decisions
- Section 2105: Scope of review; abatement
- Section 2106: Determination
- Section 2107: Time for appeal to court of appeals
- Section 2108: Proof of amount in controversy
- Section 2109: Quorum of Supreme Court justices absent
- [Section 2110: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 136, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 41]
- Section 2111: Harmless error
- Section 2112: Record on review and enforcement of agency orders
- Section 2113: Definition
Part VI: PARTICULAR PROCEEDINGS
- Chapter 151: DECLARATORY JUDGMENTS
- Chapter 153: HABEAS CORPUS
- Section 2241: Power to grant writ
- Section 2242: Application
- Section 2243: Issuance of writ; return; hearing; decision
- Section 2244: Finality of determination
- Section 2245: Certificate of trial judge admissible in evidence
- Section 2246: Evidence; depositions; affidavits
- Section 2247: Documentary evidence
- Section 2248: Return or answer; conclusiveness
- Section 2249: Certified copies of indictment, plea and judgment; duty of respondent
- Section 2250: Indigent petitioner entitled to documents without cost
- Section 2251: Stay of State court proceedings
- Section 2252: Notice
- Section 2253: Appeal
- Section 2254: State custody; remedies in Federal courts
- Section 2255: Federal custody; remedies on motion attacking sentence
- [Section 2256: Omitted]
- Chapter 154: SPECIAL HABEAS CORPUS PROCEDURES IN CAPITAL CASES
- Section 2261: Prisoners in State custody subject to capital sentence; appointment of counsel; requirement of rule of court or statute; procedures for appointment
- Section 2262: Mandatory stay of execution; duration; limits on stays of execution; successive petitions
- Section 2263: Filing of habeas corpus application; time requirements; tolling rules
- Section 2264: Scope of Federal review; district court adjudications
- Section 2265: Certification and judicial review
- Section 2266: Limitation periods for determining applications and motions
- Chapter 155: INJUNCTIONS; THREE-JUDGE COURTS
- [Section 2281, 2282: Repealed. Pub. L. 94–381, §§ 1, 2, Aug. 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 1119]
- Section 2283: Stay of State court proceedings
- Section 2284: Three-judge court; when required; composition; procedure
- Chapter 157: SURFACE TRANSPORTATION BOARD ORDERS; ENFORCEMENT AND REVIEW
- Section 2321: Judicial review of Board’s orders and decisions; procedure generally; process
- Section 2322: United States as party
- Section 2323: Duties of Attorney General; intervenors
- [Section 2324, 2325: Repealed. Pub. L. 93–584, § 7, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1918]
- Chapter 158: ORDERS OF FEDERAL AGENCIES; REVIEW
- Section 2341: Definitions
- Section 2342: Jurisdiction of court of appeals
- Section 2343: Venue
- Section 2344: Review of orders; time; notice; contents of petition; service
- Section 2345: Prehearing conference
- Section 2346: Certification of record on review
- Section 2347: Petitions to review; proceedings
- Section 2348: Representation in proceeding; intervention
- Section 2349: Jurisdiction of the proceeding
- Section 2350: Review in Supreme Court on certiorari or certification
- Section 2351: Enforcement of orders by district courts
- [Section 2352: Repealed. Pub. L. 89–773, § 4, Nov. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 1323]
- [Section 2353: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 138, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 42]
- Chapter 159: INTERPLEADER
- Chapter 161: UNITED STATES AS PARTY GENERALLY
- Section 2401: Time for commencing action against United States
- Section 2402: Jury trial in actions against United States
- Section 2403: Intervention by United States or a State; constitutional question
- Section 2404: Death of defendant in damage action
- Section 2405: Garnishment
- Section 2406: Credits in actions by United States; prior disallowance
- Section 2407: Delinquents for public money; judgment at return term; continuance
- Section 2408: Security not required of United States
- Section 2409: Partition actions involving United States
- Section 2409a: Real property quiet title actions
- Section 2410: Actions affecting property on which United States has lien
- Section 2411: Interest
- Section 2412: Costs and fees
- Section 2413: Executions in favor of United States
- Section 2414: Payment of judgments and compromise settlements
- Section 2415: Time for commencing actions brought by the United States
- Section 2416: Time for commencing actions brought by the United States—Exclusions
- Chapter 163: FINES, PENALTIES AND FORFEITURES
- Section 2461: Mode of recovery
- Section 2462: Time for commencing proceedings
- Section 2463: Property taken under revenue law not repleviable
- Section 2464: Security; special bond
- Section 2465: Return of property to claimant; liability for wrongful seizure; attorney fees, costs, and interest
- Section 2466: Fugitive disentitlement
- Section 2467: Enforcement of foreign judgment
- Chapter 165: UNITED STATES COURT OF FEDERAL CLAIMS PROCEDURE
- Section 2501: Time for filing suit
- Section 2502: Aliens’ privilege to sue
- Section 2503: Proceedings generally
- Section 2504: Plaintiff’s testimony
- Section 2505: Trial before judges
- Section 2506: Interest of witness
- Section 2507: Calls and discovery
- Section 2508: Counterclaim or set-off; registration of judgment
- Section 2509: Congressional reference cases
- Section 2510: Referral of cases by Comptroller General
- Section 2511: Accounts of officers, agents or contractors
- Section 2512: Disbursing officers; relief
- Section 2513: Unjust conviction and imprisonment
- Section 2514: Forfeiture of fraudulent claims
- Section 2515: New trial; stay of judgment
- Section 2516: Interest on claims and judgments
- Section 2517: Payment of judgments
- [Section 2518: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 139(l), Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 43]
- Section 2519: Conclusiveness of judgment
- [Section 2520: Repealed. Pub. L. 106–518, title II, § 207, Nov. 13, 2000, 114 Stat. 2414]
- Section 2521: Subpoenas and incidental powers
- Section 2522: Notice of appeal
- [Chapter 167: REPEALED]
- [Section 2601 to 2604: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 140, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 44]
- Chapter 169: COURT OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE PROCEDURE
- Section 2631: Persons entitled to commence a civil action
- Section 2632: Commencement of a civil action
- Section 2633: Procedure and fees
- Section 2634: Notice
- Section 2635: Filing of official documents
- Section 2636: Time for commencement of action
- Section 2637: Exhaustion of administrative remedies
- Section 2638: New grounds in support of a civil action
- Section 2639: Burden of proof; evidence of value
- Section 2640: Scope and standard of review
- Section 2641: Witnesses; inspection of documents
- Section 2642: Analysis of imported merchandise
- Section 2643: Relief
- Section 2644: Interest
- Section 2645: Decisions
- Section 2646: Retrial or rehearing
- [Section 2647: Repealed. Pub. L. 98–620, title IV, § 402(29)(G), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3359]
- Chapter 171: TORT CLAIMS PROCEDURE
- Section 2671: Definitions
- Section 2672: Administrative adjustment of claims
- Section 2673: Reports to Congress
- Section 2674: Liability of United States
- Section 2675: Disposition by federal agency as prerequisite; evidence
- Section 2676: Judgment as bar
- Section 2677: Compromise
- Section 2678: Attorney fees; penalty
- Section 2679: Exclusiveness of remedy
- Section 2680: Exceptions
- Chapter 173: ATTACHMENT IN POSTAL SUITS
- Section 2710: Right of attachment
- Section 2711: Application for warrant
- Section 2712: Issue of warrant
- Section 2713: Trial of ownership of property
- Section 2714: Investment of proceeds of attached property
- Section 2715: Publication
- Section 2716: Personal notice
- Section 2717: Discharge
- Section 2718: Interest on balances due department
- [Chapter 175: REPEALED]
- [Section 2901 to 2906: Repealed. Pub. L. 106–310, div. B, title XXXIV, § 3405(c)(1), Oct. 17, 2000, 114 Stat. 1221]
- Chapter 176: FEDERAL DEBT COLLECTION PROCEDURE
- Chapter 178: PROFESSIONAL AND AMATEUR SPORTS PROTECTION
- Chapter 179: JUDICIAL REVIEW OF CERTAIN ACTIONS BY PRESIDENTIAL OFFICES
- Section 3901: Civil actions
- Section 3902: Judicial review of regulations
- Section 3903: Effect of failure to issue regulations
- Section 3904: Expedited review of certain appeals
- Section 3905: Attorney’s fees and interest
- Section 3906: Payments
- Section 3907: Other judicial review prohibited
- Section 3908: Definitions
- Chapter 180: ASSUMPTION OF CERTAIN CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS
- Chapter 181: FOREIGN JUDGMENTS
- Chapter 190: MISCELLANEOUS