Chapter 23: DEVELOPMENT AND CONTROL OF ATOMIC ENERGY
Division A: Atomic Energy
- Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS
- Section 2011: Congressional declaration of policy
- Section 2012: Congressional findings
- Section 2013: Purpose of chapter
- Section 2014: Definitions
- Section 2015: Transfer of property
- Section 2015a: Cold standby
- Section 2015b: Scholarship and fellowship program
- Section 2015c: Partnership program with institutions of higher education
- Section 2016: Repealed. Pub. L. 105–85, div. C, title XXXI, § 3152(a)(1), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 2042
- Section 2017: Authorization of appropriations
- Section 2017a: Omitted
- Section 2017a–1: Omitted
- Section 2017b: Omitted
- Section 2018: Agency jurisdiction
- Section 2019: Applicability of Federal Power Act
- Section 2020: Licensing of Government agencies
- Section 2021: Cooperation with States
- Section 2021a: Storage or disposal facility planning
- Section 2021b: Definitions
- Section 2021c: Responsibilities for disposal of low-level radioactive waste
- Section 2021d: Regional compacts for disposal of low-level radioactive waste
- Section 2021e: Limited availability of certain regional disposal facilities during transition and licensing periods
- Section 2021f: Emergency access
- Section 2021g: Responsibilities of Department of Energy
- Section 2021h: Alternative disposal methods
- Section 2021i: Licensing review and approval
- Section 2021j: Radioactive waste below regulatory concern
- Section 2022: Health and environmental standards for uranium mill tailings
- Section 2023: State authority to regulate radiation below level of regulatory concern of Nuclear Regulatory Commission
- Subchapter II: ORGANIZATION
- Section 2031, 2032: Repealed. Pub. L. 93–438, title I, § 104(a), Oct. 11, 1974, 88 Stat. 1237
- Section 2033: Principal office
- Section 2034: General Manager, Deputy and Assistant General Managers
- Section 2035: Divisions, offices, and positions
- Section 2036: Repealed. Pub. L. 95–91, title VII, § 709(c)(1), Aug. 4, 1977, 91 Stat. 608
- Section 2037: Repealed. Pub. L. 99–661, div. C, title I, § 3137(c), Nov. 14, 1986, 100 Stat. 4066
- Section 2038: Appointment of Army, Navy, or Air Force officer as Assistant General Manager for Military Application; Chairman of Military Liaison Committee; compensation
- Section 2039: Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards; composition; tenure; duties; compensation
- Section 2040: Fellowship program of Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards; selection of fellowships
- Subchapter III: RESEARCH
- Subchapter IV: PRODUCTION OF SPECIAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL
- Subchapter V: SPECIAL NUCLEAR MATERIAL
- Section 2071: Determination of other material as special nuclear material; Presidential assent; effective date
- Section 2072: Repealed. Pub. L. 88–489, § 4, Aug. 26, 1964, 78 Stat. 603
- Section 2073: Domestic distribution of special nuclear material
- Section 2074: Foreign distribution of special nuclear material
- Section 2075: Acquisition of special nuclear material; payments; just compensation
- Section 2076: Guaranteed purchase prices
- Section 2077: Unauthorized dealings in special nuclear material
- Section 2077a: Interagency review of applications for the transfer of United States civil nuclear technology
- Section 2078: Congressional review of guaranteed purchase price, guaranteed purchase price period, and criteria for waiver of charges
- Subchapter VI: SOURCE MATERIAL
- Section 2091: Determination of source material
- Section 2092: License requirements for transfers
- Section 2093: Domestic distribution of source material
- Section 2094: Foreign distribution of source material
- Section 2095: Reports
- Section 2096: Acquisition of source material; payments
- Section 2097: Operations on lands belonging to United States
- Section 2098: Public and acquired lands
- Section 2099: Prohibitions against issuance of license
- Subchapter VII: BYPRODUCT MATERIALS
- Subchapter VIII: MILITARY APPLICATION OF ATOMIC ENERGY
- Section 2121: Authority of Commission
- Section 2122: Prohibitions governing atomic weapons
- Section 2122a: Repealed. Pub. L. 106–65, div. C, title XXXII, § 3294(e)(1)(A), Oct. 5, 1999, 113 Stat. 970
- Section 2123: Transferred
- Subchapter IX: ATOMIC ENERGY LICENSES
- Section 2131: License required
- Section 2132: Utilization and production facilities for industrial or commercial purposes
- Section 2133: Commercial licenses
- Section 2134: Medical, industrial, and commercial licenses
- Section 2135: Antitrust provisions governing licenses
- Section 2136: Classes of facilities
- Section 2137: Operators’ licenses
- Section 2138: Suspension of licenses during war or national emergency
- Section 2139: Component and other parts of facilities
- Section 2139a: Regulations implementing requirements relating to licensing for components and other parts of facilities
- Section 2140: Exclusions from license requirement
- Section 2141: Licensing by Nuclear Regulatory Commission of distribution of special nuclear material, source material, and byproduct material by Department of Energy
- Section 2142: Domestic medical isotope production
- Subchapter X: INTERNATIONAL ACTIVITIES
- Section 2151: Effect of international arrangements
- Section 2152: Policies contained in international arrangements
- Section 2153: Cooperation with other nations
- Section 2153a: Approval for enrichment after export of source or special nuclear material; export of major critical components of enrichment facilities
- Section 2153b: Export policies relating to peaceful nuclear activities and international nuclear trade
- Section 2153c: Renegotiation of agreements for cooperation
- Section 2153d: Authority to continue agreements for cooperation entered into prior to March 10, 1978
- Section 2153e: Protection of environment
- Section 2153e–1: Effectiveness of rule, regulation, or procedure with regard to exports subject to Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978
- Section 2153f: Savings clause; Nuclear Non-Proliferation Act of 1978
- Section 2154: International atomic pool
- Section 2155: Export licensing procedures
- Section 2155a: Regulations establishing Commission procedures covering grant, suspension, revocation, or amendment of nuclear export licenses or exemptions
- Section 2156: Criteria governing United States nuclear exports
- Section 2156a: Regulations establishing levels of physical security to protect facilities and material
- Section 2157: Additional export criterion and procedures
- Section 2158: Conduct resulting in termination of nuclear exports
- Section 2159: Congressional review procedures
- Section 2160: Subsequent arrangements
- Section 2160a: Review of Nuclear Proliferation Assessment Statements
- Section 2160b: Authority to suspend nuclear cooperation with nations which have not ratified the Convention on the Physical Security of Nuclear Material
- Section 2160c: Consultation with Department of Defense concerning certain exports and subsequent arrangements
- Section 2160d: Further restrictions on exports
- Section 2160e: Congressional review and oversight of agreements with Iran
- Subchapter XI: CONTROL OF INFORMATION
- Section 2161: Policy of Commission
- Section 2162: Classification and declassification of Restricted Data
- Section 2163: Access to Restricted Data
- Section 2164: International cooperation
- Section 2165: Security restrictions
- Section 2166: Applicability of other laws
- Section 2167: Safeguards information
- Section 2168: Dissemination of unclassified information
- Section 2169: Fingerprinting for criminal history record checks
- Subchapter XII: PATENTS AND INVENTIONS
- Section 2181: Inventions relating to atomic weapons, and filing of reports
- Section 2182: Inventions conceived during Commission contracts; ownership; waiver; hearings
- Section 2183: Nonmilitary utilization
- Section 2184: Injunctions; measure of damages
- Section 2185: Prior art
- Section 2186: Commission patent licenses
- Section 2187: Compensation, awards, and royalties
- Section 2188: Monopolistic use of patents
- Section 2189: Federally financed research
- Section 2190: Saving clause for prior patent applications
- Subchapter XIII: GENERAL AUTHORITY OF COMMISSION
- Section 2201: General duties of Commission
- Section 2201a: Use of firearms by security personnel
- Section 2202: Contracts
- Section 2203: Advisory committees
- Section 2204: Electric utility contracts; authority to enter into; cancellation; submission to Energy Committees
- Section 2204a: Fission product contracts
- Section 2205: Contract practices
- Section 2205a: Repealed. Pub. L. 97–375, title I, § 115, Dec. 21, 1982, 96 Stat. 1821
- Section 2206: Comptroller General audit
- Section 2207: Claim settlements; reports to Congress
- Section 2208: Payments in lieu of taxes
- Section 2209: Subsidies
- Section 2210: Indemnification and limitation of liability
- Section 2210a: Conflicts of interest relating to contracts and other arrangements
- Section 2210b: Uranium supply
- Section 2210c: Elimination of pension offset for certain rehired Federal retirees
- Section 2210d: Security evaluations
- Section 2210e: Design basis threat rulemaking
- Section 2210f: Recruitment tools
- Section 2210g: Expenses authorized to be paid by the Commission
- Section 2210h: Radiation source protection
- Section 2210i: Secure transfer of nuclear materials
- Section 2211: Payment of claims or judgments for damage resulting from nuclear incident involving nuclear reactor of United States warship; exception; terms and conditions
- Section 2212: Transferred
- Section 2213: Repealed. Pub. L. 109–58, title VI, § 637(b), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 791
- Section 2214: NRC user fees and annual charges
- Section 2215: Nuclear Regulatory Commission user fees and annual charges for fiscal year 2021 and each fiscal year thereafter
- Subchapter XIV: COMPENSATION FOR PRIVATE PROPERTY ACQUIRED
- Subchapter XV: JUDICIAL REVIEW AND ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE
- Section 2231: Applicability of administrative procedure provisions; definitions
- Section 2232: License applications
- Section 2233: Terms of licenses
- Section 2234: Inalienability of licenses
- Section 2235: Construction permits and operating licenses
- Section 2236: Revocation of licenses
- Section 2237: Modification of license
- Section 2238: Continued operation of facilities
- Section 2239: Hearings and judicial review
- Section 2240: Licensee incident reports as evidence
- Section 2241: Atomic safety and licensing boards; establishment; membership; functions; compensation
- Section 2242: Temporary operating license
- Section 2243: Licensing of uranium enrichment facilities
- Subchapter XVI: JOINT COMMITTEE ON ATOMIC ENERGY
- Section 2251 to 2257: Repealed. Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, title I, § 302(a), as added Pub. L. 95–110, § 1, Sept. 20, 1977, 91 Stat. 884; renumbered title I, Oct. 24, 1992, Pub. L. 102–486, title IX, § 902(a)(8), 106 Stat. 2944
- Section 2258: Joint Committee on Atomic Energy abolished
- Section 2259: Information and assistance to Congressional committees
- Subchapter XVII: ENFORCEMENT OF CHAPTER
- Section 2271: General provisions
- Section 2272: Violation of specific sections
- Section 2273: Violation of sections
- Section 2274: Communication of Restricted Data
- Section 2275: Receipt of Restricted Data
- Section 2276: Tampering with Restricted Data
- Section 2277: Disclosure of Restricted Data
- Section 2278: Statute of limitations
- Section 2278a: Trespass on Commission installations
- Section 2278b: Photographing, etc., of Commission installations; penalty
- Section 2279: Applicability of other laws
- Section 2280: Injunction proceedings
- Section 2281: Contempt proceedings
- Section 2282: Civil penalties
- Section 2282a: Civil monetary penalties for violation of Department of Energy safety regulations
- Section 2282b: Civil monetary penalties for violations of Department of Energy regulations regarding security of classified or sensitive information or data
- Section 2282c: Worker health and safety rules for Department of Energy nuclear facilities
- Section 2283: Protection of nuclear inspectors
- Section 2284: Sabotage of nuclear facilities or fuel
- Subchapter XVII–A: DEFENSE NUCLEAR FACILITIES SAFETY BOARD
- Section 2286: Establishment
- Section 2286a: Mission and functions of Board
- Section 2286b: Powers of Board
- Section 2286c: Responsibilities of Secretary of Energy
- Section 2286d: Board recommendations
- Section 2286e: Reports
- Section 2286f: Judicial review
- Section 2286g: “Department of Energy defense nuclear facility” defined
- Section 2286h: Contract authority subject to appropriations
- Section 2286h–1: Transmittal of certain information to Congress
- Section 2286i: Annual authorization of appropriations
- Section 2286j: Procurement of inspector general services
- Section 2286k: Inspector General
- Section 2286l: Authority of Inspector General
- Subchapter XVIII: EURATOM COOPERATION
- Section 2291: Definitions
- Section 2292: Authorization of appropriations for research and development program; authority to enter into contracts; period of contracts; equivalent amounts for research and development program
- Section 2293: Omitted
- Section 2294: Authorization for sale or lease of uranium and plutonium; amounts; lien for nonpayment; uranium enrichment services
- Section 2295: Acquisition of nuclear materials
- Section 2296: Nonliability of United States; indemnification
- Subchapter XIX: REMEDIAL ACTION AND URANIUM REVITALIZATION
Division B: United States Enrichment Corporation
- Subchapter I: GENERAL PROVISIONS
- Section 2297, 2297a: Repealed. Pub. L. 104–134, title III, § 3116(a)(1), Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321–349
- Subchapter II: ESTABLISHMENT, POWERS, AND ORGANIZATION OF CORPORATION
- Section 2297b to 2297b–15: Repealed. Pub. L. 104–134, title III, § 3116(a)(1), Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321–349
- Subchapter III: RIGHTS, PRIVILEGES, AND ASSETS OF CORPORATION
- Section 2297c to 2297c–7: Repealed. Pub. L. 104–134, title III, § 3116(a)(1), Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321–349
- Subchapter IV: PRIVATIZATION OF CORPORATION
- Section 2297d, 2297d–1: Repealed. Pub. L. 104–134, title III, § 3116(a)(1), Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321–349
- Subchapter V: AVLIS AND ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES FOR URANIUM ENRICHMENT
- Section 2297e to 2297e–7: Repealed. Pub. L. 104–134, title III, § 3116(a)(1), Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321–349
- Subchapter VI: LICENSING AND REGULATION OF URANIUM ENRICHMENT FACILITIES
- Subchapter VII: DECONTAMINATION AND DECOMMISSIONING
- Subchapter VIII: UNITED STATES ENRICHMENT CORPORATION PRIVATIZATION
- Section 2297h: Definitions
- Section 2297h–1: Sale of Corporation
- Section 2297h–2: Method of sale
- Section 2297h–3: Establishment of private corporation
- Section 2297h–4: Transfers to private corporation
- Section 2297h–5: Leasing of gaseous diffusion facilities
- Section 2297h–6: Transfer of contracts
- Section 2297h–7: Liabilities
- Section 2297h–8: Employee protections
- Section 2297h–9: Ownership limitations
- Section 2297h–10: Uranium transfers and sales
- Section 2297h–10a: Incentives for additional downblending of highly enriched uranium by the Russian Federation
- Section 2297h–10b: Secretarial determinations; congressional notification
- Section 2297h–11: Low-level waste
- Section 2297h–12: AVLIS
- Section 2297h–13: Application of certain laws